CRJ 323: Research Methods

1. Global: passing off an entire text by someone else as your own work.
2. Verbatim: directly copying someone else’s words without citation.
3. Paraphrasing: rephrasing someone else’s ideas to present them as your own without citation.
4. Patch Writing or Mosaic: words are too similar to those of the original source with or without citation.
5. Self: recycling your own past work.

 Cite when:

• Using someone else’s words, images, graphs, etc.
• Using someone else’s ideas
• Using statistics

Don’t cite:

• Common knowledge
• Your data & ideas (unless previously used)